How this calculator works
Exact mode sorts distinct numeric values and counts each occurrence. Grouped mode divides the observed range into the requested number of classes. Classes include their left boundary and exclude their right boundary, except the last class also includes the maximum. Cumulative entries add all preceding rows. Relative frequencies are fractions of the total, not percentages multiplied by 100.
Formula
Relative frequency_i = f_i/n; cumulative frequency_j = Σ(i≤j)f_i; grouped width = (max-min)/k.
Worked example
For 1, 1, 2, 4, frequencies are 2, 1 and 1. Relative frequencies are 0.5, 0.25 and 0.25, and cumulative counts are 2, 3 and 4.
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Frequently asked questions
How are boundary values assigned?
A value on an internal boundary enters the class to its right. The final class includes the maximum.
Why do I see fractions?
A relative frequency of 0.25 represents 25% of observations.
Can I group constant data?
Use exact mode for constant data; the observed range does not determine a positive grouped width.