How this calculator works
A solid cylinder occupies its circular base area times height. An open tube removes the inner circular area before multiplying by height, so its density refers to the wall material. The measured-volume option bypasses dimensions entirely. Radius and height modes use known mass and density to recover material volume first. Enter radii rather than diameters. This tube model assumes uniform walls and no end caps; a closed vessel needs a separate cap-volume calculation. It also assumes a right circular cylinder with flat parallel ends.
Formula
Solid V = pi r² h; open tube V = pi(ro²-ri²)h; rho = m/V. ro = sqrt[ri² + m/(rho pi h)]; h = m/[rho pi(ro²-ri²)].
Worked example
A cylinder with radius 1 cm and height 10 cm has volume 31.41593 cm³. A mass of 246.6150 g gives density 7.85 g/cm³. Removing a concentric 0.5 cm radius bore leaves 23.56194 cm³ and 184.9613 g at the same density.
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Frequently asked questions
Can I enter diameter?
Divide diameter by two before entering a radius. Using diameter as radius makes the computed circular area four times too large.
Does hollow mode include end caps?
No. It represents an open tube. Include end-cap material volume separately when analysing a closed cylinder.
What if my sample has pores?
Outside dimensions give bulk density including pores. A displacement measurement may exclude open pores depending on how the fluid enters them.