How this calculator works
Text reversal changes reading order. This tool reverses grapheme clusters so an accented letter or joined emoji stays together. Optional punctuation mirroring swaps a small set of common bracket pairs after reversal. It does not geometrically reflect Latin letter shapes: many letters have no exact Unicode mirror counterpart. Use an image or CSS transform when a true optical reflection is needed.
Formula
Result = reverse(sequence of grapheme clusters). In punctuation mode, exchange paired brackets after reversing.
Worked example
abc becomes cba. Reversing (abc) normally gives )cba(; punctuation mode gives (cba). A letter followed by its combining accent remains one cluster.
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Frequently asked questions
Does this create an optical mirror of each letter?
No. It reverses text order and optionally mirrors paired punctuation. A true reflection requires a rendering transform.
Why keep emoji together?
Many emoji are composed of multiple code points joined into one displayed symbol. Reversing individual code units would damage them.
Can I reverse a right-to-left paragraph?
The output is a reversed character sequence, but bidirectional display rules can change its visual order.