How this calculator works
The rate applies once per numbered period, so you choose what a period represents. End-of-period cash flows arrive after interest; beginning cash flows earn interest in their arrival period. Withdrawals are negative cash flows. A negative projected balance is a mathematical deficit and is not a loan quotation. The schedule includes time zero and up to 499 later periods.
Formula
FV = PV(1+i)^n + C[(1+i)^n-1]/i for end payments. Multiply the payment term by (1+i) for beginning payments. When i = 0, FV = PV+nC.
Worked example
$1,000 at 10% per period with two $100 end deposits becomes $1,420. The same deposits at the beginning produce $1,441. At zero interest, $1,000 and two $100 withdrawals leave $800.
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Frequently asked questions
Is the entered rate annual?
Only if your periods are years. For monthly periods, enter the effective monthly rate, not an annual quote.
Can the cash flow be a withdrawal?
Yes. Enter a negative amount. The model will continue mathematically even if the balance becomes negative.
What is included in total interest?
It is the ending balance less the opening amount and all net cash flows, keeping deposits separate from growth.