How this calculator works
Goals against average scales goals allowed to a standard game length. It multiplies goals allowed by the length of one game and divides by the total minutes played. A goaltender who allows 120 goals in 3,600 minutes of 60-minute hockey has a GAA of 2.00. The same goaltender playing 1,200 minutes with 40 goals allowed also has a GAA of 2.00. The statistic is a rate, so it does not depend on how many games were played.
Formula
GAA = goals allowed x game length in minutes / minutes played. Goals allowed = GAA x minutes played / game length. Minutes played = goals allowed x game length / GAA.
Worked example
A hockey goaltender allows 120 goals in 3,600 minutes with 60-minute games: 120 x 60 / 3,600 = 2.00 goals against average. A soccer goalkeeper allows 40 goals in 5,400 minutes with 90-minute games: 40 x 90 / 5,400 = 0.67.
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Frequently asked questions
Is a lower GAA better?
Yes, because it counts goals allowed per game. A GAA of 2.00 means the goaltender allows two goals per 60-minute game on average.
Does GAA measure the goaltender alone?
No. It depends on the defence, the quality of shots faced and the pace of the game. Use GAA with save percentage, and compare goaltenders in similar roles and leagues.
Should empty-net goals count?
Different leagues treat them differently. In the NHL, an empty-net goal is charged to the goaltender who left the ice. Check the rules of your league before comparing values.