How this calculator works
The converter lowercases the whole text, then raises the first letter of the text and the first letter after each full stop, question mark or exclamation mark. It also keeps the English pronoun I capitalised. Words in the middle of a sentence keep no capitals of their own, so acronyms and proper nouns are lowered unless they begin a sentence. That is the usual behaviour of sentence case and the reason to check names and brands by hand afterwards.
Formula
Output = lowercase(input), then uppercase the first letter of the text, the first letter after each run of . ? or ! followed by a space, and the standalone pronoun i. Character, word and sentence counts are read from the original text, not the converted text.
Worked example
The input "the quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. it was not amused." becomes "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. It was not amused." The character count stays at 63, the word count is 13 and the sentence count is 2. Choosing Capitalise Each Word instead gives "The Quick Brown Fox Jumps Over The Lazy Dog. It Was Not Amused."
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Frequently asked questions
Does sentence case lowercase proper nouns?
Yes. A mechanical converter cannot tell a person name or a brand from an ordinary word. Check names, product titles and scientific terms after converting, and restore any capitals the style needs.
What is the difference between sentence case and title case?
Sentence case capitalises only the start of each sentence. Title case capitalises the main words of a heading and leaves short articles, conjunctions and prepositions lowercase. Use sentence case for body text and for many modern interface labels; title case is a house style choice.
Why does the converter keep the pronoun I in capitals?
In English the first person pronoun is always written as a capital I, even in sentence case. Lowercasing it would be a spelling error, so the converter restores it. Nothing else is restored automatically.
Does it handle abbreviations such as e.g. or Dr.?
Only partly. A full stop followed by a space is treated as the end of a sentence, so "e.g. the next example" gains a capital on The. Review text with abbreviations and adjust by hand.
Does the character count include spaces?
Yes. The count uses Unicode code points of the text as typed, including spaces and punctuation, and an emoji outside the basic plane counts once. It is a length check, not a word processor page count.