How this calculator works
A logarithm finds the exponent that produces a given positive number. The natural logarithm uses e as its base and appears in continuous growth and calculus. The inverse mode raises the base to the entered logarithm. Zero and negative arguments have no real logarithm.
Formula
y = ln(x); x = e^y.
Worked example
ln(1) = 0 and ln(e) = 1.
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Frequently asked questions
Can the answer be negative?
The logarithm may be negative, but a power of a positive base is always positive.
What happens at one?
Every valid logarithm of one is zero. Raising a valid base to zero gives one.
How precise is the answer?
Calculations use standard floating-point arithmetic. The displayed result has up to ten decimal places, and overflow or underflow produces an error.