How this calculator works
Identify the limiting reactant before using this calculator; other reactants are assumed sufficient. Convert reactant mass to moles, apply the balanced coefficient ratio, and convert product moles to mass. This maximum assumes complete conversion to the specified product, with no competing reaction or recovery loss. Molar masses must use the same hydration and chemical forms as the reaction. Reverse modes estimate the minimum stoichiometric reactant requirement.
Formula
nproduct = nreactant (product coefficient/reactant coefficient). nreactant = mreactant/Mreactant. mproduct = nproduct Mproduct.
Worked example
10 g of a 10 g/mol limiting reactant at a 2:1 reactant-to-product ratio gives 0.5 mol product. At 30 g/mol, the theoretical yield is 15 g. Three moles reacting 1:2 give 6 mol product, or 120 g at 20 g/mol.
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Frequently asked questions
What if I have two possible limiting reactants?
Compute the product amount each could supply; the smallest governs the theoretical yield.
Should I multiply by percentage yield here?
This page gives the stoichiometric maximum. Use actual yield to apply a recovery fraction.
Where do molar masses come from?
Use the molar mass calculator or a verified reference for the exact chemical form.